Wireless power transmission technology with applications


How wireless transmission technology influence the electrical industry

In today’s time, electricity is considered as one of the basic needs of human beings. The conventional power transmission system uses transmission lines to carry power from one place to another. On the other hand, it is costlier in terms of cable costs with a huge transmission loss. Therefore, this can maintain a wireless power transmission (WPT) and is also known as inductive power transfer (IPT).

An introduction to the wireless power transmission technology

Wireless power transmission technology is not a new technology. There are three main systems use for wireless electricity transmission. However, it includes solar cells, microwaves, and resonance. In an electrical device, microwaves use to transmit electromagnetic radiation from a source to a receiver. It states the transfer of electrical power from a source to an electrical device without the help of wires. Basically, it involves two coils: a transmitter and a receiver coil. The transmitter coil powers by an AC current to produce a magnetic field, which in turn induces a voltage in the receiver coil.
It involves the inductive energy transmission from a transmitter to a receiver through an oscillating magnetic field. In order to get this DC current, it is converted into high -frequency AC current by the specially designed electronics built into the transmitter.

Types of wireless power transmission methods

There are different types of wireless power transmission methods, some of them are as follows:

Microwave Power Transmission

The functional block diagram of WPT consists of two sections. It includes the transmitting section and receiving section. In the transmission section, the microwave power source generates microwave power controlled by the electronic control circuits. The waveguide circulator protects the microwave sourced from the reflecting power which connects through the co-ax waveguide adaptor.
According to the signal propagation direction, the reducing signals separate by the directional coupler. The transmitting antenna emits the power regularly through free space to the receiving antenna.

Inductive Coupling Power Transmission:

The inductive coupling method is the most essential methods that help the experts to transfer energy wirelessly via inductive coupling. Basically, it is used for near field power transmission. However, the power transmission takes place between the two conductive materials through mutual inductance. For instance, it includes a transformer.

Laser Power Transmission:

Laser technology used to transfer power in the form of light energy, and the power converts to electric energy at the end of the receiver. In addition, it receives power using different sources like sun, electricity generator or high-intensity-focused light. However, the size and shape of the beam decide by a set of optics. The transmitted LASER light receives by the photo-voltaic cells. It converts the light into electrical signals. Usually, it uses optical-fiber cables for transmission.

Benefits of using WPT in experiments

WPT system completely reduces existing high-tension power transmission cables, substations, and towers between the consumers and generating stations.
  1. The cost of distribution and transmission becomes less.
  2. The cost of the electrical energy to the consumers also reduces.
  3. The power could be transmitted to places to which the wired transmission is not possible.

Applications of WPT

The largest application of the WPT is the production of power by placing satellites with giant solar arrays in Geosynchronous Earth Orbit. However, it transmits the power as microwaves to the earth known as Solar Power Satellites (SPS).
WPT can use in moving targets like fuel-free-electric vehicles, fuel-free airplanes, fuel-free rockets, and moving robots. In addition, the other applications of WPT are Wireless power source or Ubiquitous Power Source, RF Power Adaptive Rectifying Circuits and Wireless sensors.
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